{"id":1767,"date":"2019-08-19T07:44:31","date_gmt":"2019-08-19T06:44:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/globalindianstories.com\/?p=1767"},"modified":"2019-08-19T09:59:29","modified_gmt":"2019-08-19T08:59:29","slug":"the-kashmiri-imbroglio-whose-freedom-azaadi-is-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/index.php\/2019\/08\/19\/the-kashmiri-imbroglio-whose-freedom-azaadi-is-it\/","title":{"rendered":"The Kashmiri Imbroglio: whose freedom, whose azaadi is it?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">London 15.08.2019<br \/>\nAfter winning the elections in 2019, the BJP led government of India wasted no time to bring in the required legislative bill \u2018J&amp;K Reorganisation Act 2019\u201d, that has provisions to reorganise the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories, one to be called Jammu and Kashmir, and the other Ladakh. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The introduction of the bill was preceded by a Presidential Order under Article 370 of the Indian constitution revoking Jammu and Kashmir&#8217;s special status, and mandating, inter alia, that all the provisions of the Indian Constitution would be applicable to Jammu and Kashmir. This enabled the parliament to enact the legislation reorganising the state. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Removing Article 370 (a temporary and transitional article of Indian Constitution) for the last 65 plus years had so far been a No-Go area for all the political parties in power primarily due to a lack of clear-cut strategy on Kashmir and this was always compounded by the lack of confidence in successive governments in dealing with any-backlash at the local, national or international arena. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">This, despite the fact that Pakistan had in these years already changed the demographic and constitutional provisions in the part of Pakistan controlled by them a number of times including gifting a large portion of Shaksgam valley and Aksai-Chin to China. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The run-up to and the events following the passing of the legislative changes on 5th Aug 2019 in both houses of the Indian Parliament with a substantial majority, have been unprecedented. Jammu Kashmir has been in a state of clampdown since 5th August with restriction of movement in place and primary communication channels blocked. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">This has, of course been done at the local administration level to ensure that Law and Order is maintained and more importantly there is no Loss of Life because of any immediate backlash. It is well-known that a number of vested interests are actively engaged in Kashmir region and most of these parties are extremely high on propaganda, specially the Pakistan deep-state and ISI funded groups who would not spare a minute to flare up the emotions and create chaos among communities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">This has also meant that a number of state political groups and their representative have either been under house arrest or have been detained to ensure a) they are not made target of any sectarian violence b) the groups that have affiliations with Pak-sponsored networks are not able to mobilise elements to create any panic. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Pakistan responded furiously to India\u2019s decision to amend the articles of its own constitution, with Pakistani newspapers splashing headlines like \u2018India Occupies Indian Occupied Kashmir by Abrogating 370\u2019. There couldn\u2019t be anything more oxymoron than this headline that caught my eye, clearly highlighting the utter confusion and lack of direction on how to respond to Mr Modi\u2019s latest move on Kashmir. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">What has made matters more embarrassing for the Pakistan PM is that this step by Indian government came right on the back of Imran Khan\u2019s much trumpeted positive interactions with US President Trump in Washington just a few days back. Mr Khan travelled to POK on 14th August (Pak\u2019s Independence Day) and made a scathing attack on India threatening to \u201cteach Delhi a lesson\u201d and vowed to fight until the end. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Mr Khan also asked Pakistani\u2019s world over to mark India\u2019s Independence day on 15th August as a \u2018Black Day\u2019. He gave a clarion call to the British Pakistani diaspora and POK residents in UK to protests against India in London, essentially sowing the seeds and instigating the diaspora to react. Consequently, 15 August 2019 saw some unprecedented scenes outside India House (High Commission of India, UK) in London. <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1772\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1772\" style=\"width: 261px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1772 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728-261x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"261\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728-261x300.jpg 261w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728-768x883.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728-890x1024.jpg 890w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728-365x420.jpg 365w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin2-e1566196386728.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1772\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protestors threw potatoes, crates of eggs, avocados, water bottles, smoke balls at children, women gathered to celebrate and perform outside the Indian High Commission UK on 15 August, Indian Independence Day<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">More than 3000 plus Pakistani origin protestors from various UK towns with substantial Pakistani diaspora population like Luton, Bradford, Birmingham etc were shipped in chartered buses to head towards High Commission in London. These protestors were armed with Potatoes, Crates of Eggs, Avocados, Water Bottles, Smoke balls and what not. The Indian community representatives had assembled at the high commission to celebrate the Independence-day with Cultural programs including song and dance performances of women and young kids. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The protestors mobbed the High Commission from both sides, ran over the roads, blocked all vehicular traffic around the area and surrounded the Indian gathering from all sides. They blocked the both entrances of the High Commission to ensure nobody could escape and also cut-out the wires for the DJ so that there are no mikes or loudspeakers playing from those celebrating the Independence-day. The police and administration also seemed extremely ill prepared for what was happening. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">While the mounted cavalry was trying its best to keep the protesters away from the gathering and the High Commission building on one side, the protestors on the other end of the building were closing in. The Police officer incharge expressed his inability to do anything more given the sheer number of protestors and their hostilities. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">After a number of SOS calls to 999 from the concerned parents and exchanges with some of the dignitaries including the High Commissioner finally after 2 hours police &#8211; reinforcements came along and pushed one side of the protestors out and enabled for the back door of the High Commission to be opened so that the Kids and Women could be safely evacuated. These kids as young as 4 had a frightening few hours and had nothing to eat or drink as well. <\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1773\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1773\" style=\"width: 192px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1773\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin1-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"192\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin1-315x420.jpg 315w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Vin1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 192px) 100vw, 192px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1773\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caught in protests<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">They were constantly attacked with all the projectiles including eggs, potatoes etc with a number of people getting injured on their head, faces and body as well. But more than the injuries it was the sheer mental torture and the feeling that there is no escape route that created a sense of panic among the people and specially the kids. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Speaking to some parents later in the evening they vowed to never again participate in Independence Day celebrations in Central London at the High Commission. For the people living in a city like London which is supposed to be safe for communities and is known for its diversity, it was indeed a Black Day and a blot on the organisers of these protests. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">There were a few arrests made in the end including a protestor caught with a Sword. The protestors were shouting offensive slogans and also body shaming women and heckling them. Never before in any protest in London had anyone experienced this kind of heckling, aggressiveness and violence. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The Freedom (Azadi) expressed by these roudy protestors by attacking women and kids seemed to replicate in their slogans and banners which said<br \/>\n\u201cAzadi = Kashmir Banega Pakistan (Freedom = Kashmir will become Pakistan).<br \/>\n\u201cAzadi (Freedom) = La Ilaha Illallah\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\r\n                <style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n                    \r\n                    #tdi_1  .td-doubleSlider-2 .td-item1 {\r\n                        background: url(https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302-80x60.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;\r\n                    }\r\n                    #tdi_1  .td-doubleSlider-2 .td-item2 {\r\n                        background: url(https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-80x60.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;\r\n                    }\r\n                    #tdi_1  .td-doubleSlider-2 .td-item3 {\r\n                        background: url(https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-80x60.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;\r\n                    }\r\n                    #tdi_1  .td-doubleSlider-2 .td-item4 {\r\n                        background: url(https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii-80x60.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;\r\n                    }\r\n                    #tdi_1  .td-doubleSlider-2 .td-item5 {\r\n                        background: url(https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-80x60.jpg) 0 0 no-repeat;\r\n                    }\r\n                <\/style>\r\n\r\n                <div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"td-gallery td-slide-on-2-columns\">\r\n                    <div class=\"post_td_gallery\">\r\n                        <div class=\"td-gallery-slide-top\">\r\n                           <div class=\"td-gallery-title\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n                            <div class=\"td-gallery-controls-wrapper\">\r\n                                <div class=\"td-gallery-slide-count\"><span class=\"td-gallery-slide-item-focus\">1<\/span> of 5<\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"td-gallery-slide-prev-next-but\">\r\n                                    <i class = \"td-icon-left doubleSliderPrevButton\"><\/i>\r\n                                    <i class = \"td-icon-right doubleSliderNextButton\"><\/i>\r\n                                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                        <div class = \"td-doubleSlider-1 \">\r\n                            <div class = \"td-slider\">\r\n                                \r\n                    <div class = \"td-slide-item td-item1\">\r\n                        <figure class=\"td-slide-galery-figure td-slide-popup-gallery\">\r\n                            <a class=\"slide-gallery-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302.jpg\" title=\"iiiiii\"  data-caption=\"Arrests outside the IHC\"  data-description=\"\">\r\n                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302-160x420.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302-160x420.jpg 160w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302-114x300.jpg 114w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302-390x1024.jpg 390w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiiii-e1566204271302.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\" alt=\"\">\r\n                            <\/a>\r\n                            <figcaption class = \"td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content\"><div class = \"td-gallery-slide-copywrite\">Arrests outside the IHC<\/div><\/figcaption>\r\n                        <\/figure>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-slide-item td-item2\">\r\n                        <figure class=\"td-slide-galery-figure td-slide-popup-gallery\">\r\n                            <a class=\"slide-gallery-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453.jpg\" title=\"iiiii\"  data-caption=\"HC Ruchi Ghyansham speaking to Indians who were hurt by protestors and took refuge in India House\"  data-description=\"\">\r\n                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-405x420.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-405x420.jpg 405w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-289x300.jpg 289w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-768x796.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453-988x1024.jpg 988w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiiii-e1566204210453.jpg 1088w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 405px) 100vw, 405px\" alt=\"\">\r\n                            <\/a>\r\n                            <figcaption class = \"td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content\"><div class = \"td-gallery-slide-copywrite\">HC Ruchi Ghyansham speaking to Indians who were hurt by protestors and took refuge in India House<\/div><\/figcaption>\r\n                        <\/figure>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-slide-item td-item3\">\r\n                        <figure class=\"td-slide-galery-figure td-slide-popup-gallery\">\r\n                            <a class=\"slide-gallery-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661.jpg\" title=\"iiii\"  data-caption=\"Police arrest a Khalistani protestor\"  data-description=\"\">\r\n                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-426x420.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-426x420.jpg 426w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-768x758.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661-1024x1010.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iiii-e1566204402661.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" alt=\"\">\r\n                            <\/a>\r\n                            <figcaption class = \"td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content\"><div class = \"td-gallery-slide-copywrite\">Police arrest a Khalistani protestor<\/div><\/figcaption>\r\n                        <\/figure>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-slide-item td-item4\">\r\n                        <figure class=\"td-slide-galery-figure td-slide-popup-gallery\">\r\n                            <a class=\"slide-gallery-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii.jpg\" title=\"iii\"  data-caption=\"Protestors\"  data-description=\"\">\r\n                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii-315x420.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii-315x420.jpg 315w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/iii.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" alt=\"\">\r\n                            <\/a>\r\n                            <figcaption class = \"td-slide-caption td-gallery-slide-content\"><div class = \"td-gallery-slide-copywrite\">Protestors<\/div><\/figcaption>\r\n                        <\/figure>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-slide-item td-item5\">\r\n                        <figure class=\"td-slide-galery-figure td-slide-popup-gallery\">\r\n                            <a class=\"slide-gallery-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681.jpg\" title=\"ii\"  data-caption=\"\"  data-description=\"\">\r\n                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-894x420.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-894x420.jpg 894w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-768x361.jpg 768w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681-1024x481.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/ii-e1566204456681.jpg 1273w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 894px) 100vw, 894px\" alt=\"\">\r\n                            <\/a>\r\n                            \r\n                        <\/figure>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                        <div class = \"td-doubleSlider-2\">\r\n                            <div class = \"td-slider\">\r\n                                \r\n                    <div class = \"td-button td-item1\">\r\n                        <div class = \"td-border\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-button td-item2\">\r\n                        <div class = \"td-border\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-button td-item3\">\r\n                        <div class = \"td-border\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-button td-item4\">\r\n                        <div class = \"td-border\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                    <div class = \"td-button td-item5\">\r\n                        <div class = \"td-border\"><\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                \n<p>All of this begs a few questions from the Mayor of London and from the world community: \u2022 How and why were more then 3000 plus protestors allowed to congregate in a space less than 0.2-square mile area despite having pre-information on the possible ruckus, specially given Pakistan PM\u2019s instigator speech the day before directly to the UK Pakistani diaspora?<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Normally for any event to take place in London, the authorities have clear information on the number of people, timings etc and there are clear rules on do\u2019s and don\u2019ts and all of these seem to have been floundered on 15th August by the Pakistani groups protesting outside Indian High Commission, and police seemed clueless. Did the administration drop a ball?<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u2022 How were all these protestors allowed to carry projectiles like Crates and crates of eggs, potatoes, avocados, smoke balls, sticks etc? <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">\u2022 Why did it take more than 2 hours to send reinforcements to the location when the police was not able to control the Pakistan protestors?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Where is the accountability and action to ban the organisations and their supporters who carried out these protests given the amount of anarchy they caused on the streets of London and terrorised a peaceful gathering of less than 200 Indians celebrating India\u2019s Independence-day at Indian High Commission in London?<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Why has the Mayor of London stayed quiet since despite having full knowledge of the mayhem on 15th August?<\/p>\n<p>Serious questions need to be asked to the organisers of this protest in terms of how the hooliganism was allowed at the mass level? How protestors were allowed to carry projectiles to throw at protestors?<\/p>\n<p>How the city administration was clueless on numbers of protestors? How they allowed such a large gathering coming in from many towns in buses to assemble in such a small\/dense space and to ensure any collusion in the turn of events is identified and any future occurrences are avoided?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>London 15.08.2019 After winning the elections in 2019, the BJP led government of India wasted no time to bring in the required legislative bill \u2018J&amp;K Reorganisation Act 2019\u201d, that has provisions to reorganise the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories, one to be called Jammu and Kashmir, and the other Ladakh. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1784,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community","category-featured"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Kashmiri Imbroglio: whose freedom, whose azaadi is it? - Global Indian Stories<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/globalindianstories.org\/index.php\/2019\/08\/19\/the-kashmiri-imbroglio-whose-freedom-azaadi-is-it\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Kashmiri Imbroglio: whose freedom, whose azaadi is it? - Global Indian Stories\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"London 15.08.2019 After winning the elections in 2019, the BJP led government of India wasted no time to bring in the required legislative bill \u2018J&amp;K Reorganisation Act 2019\u201d, that has provisions to reorganise the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories, one to be called Jammu and Kashmir, and the other Ladakh. 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